Abstract
Tongkol Road in the Pasar Lama area of Bima City is directly affected by intensive commercial activities and roadside movements. This study aims to evaluate roadside friction, identify the dominant types of roadside friction, and assess the operational performance of Tongkol Road using the 2023 Indonesian Highway Capacity Guidelines (PKJI 2023). A descriptive quantitative approach was applied through field surveys conducted on Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday during morning and afternoon observation periods. Primary data included traffic volume, vehicle speed, roadside-friction events, and road geometry, while secondary data included supporting administrative information and PKJI 2023. The results show a weighted roadside-friction value of 1,246, classified as very high. Parked or stopped vehicles were the dominant weighted component, followed by vehicles entering and leaving the market area. The calculated road capacity was 2,571.45 pcu/h. Peak I recorded 2,053.95 pcu/h with a degree of saturation of 0.80 and LOS D; Peak II recorded 1,999.75 pcu/h with a degree of saturation of 0.78 and LOS D; and Peak III recorded 1,688.00 pcu/h with a degree of saturation of 0.66 and LOS C. The findings indicate that intensive roadside activities reduce effective road capacity and are associated with declining operational performance during peak traffic conditions. Priority measures include parking management, control of roadside stopping, regulation of loading and unloading activities, and management of market access points.