EFFECTIVENESS OF THE FILTRATION METHOD USING COCONUT FIBER AND COCOA SHELL ACTIVATED CARBON MEDIA IN REDUCING COD, BOD, AND TSS LEVELS IN DOMESTIC WASTEWATER

Abstract

Domestic wastewater is a type of waste generated from activities such as
bathing, washing, and kitchen use. It contains pollutant levels of BOD at 139.2 mg/L,
COD at 357.2 mg/L, and TSS at 136.9 mg/L. Therefore, further treatment is required
to meet the domestic wastewater quality standards as stipulated in the Indonesian
Ministry of Environment and Forestry Regulation (PERMEN LHK) No. 68 of 2016.
One treatment method to reduce pollutants in domestic wastewater is filtration.
Filtration is a physical separation method used to separate liquids (solutions) from
solids. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of reducing COD, BOD, and TSS
levels using a filtration method with coconut fiber and cocoa shell activated carbon
media for domestic wastewater treatment. The variables used include media thickness
in reaktors (Reaktor 1: 5 cm gravel, 15 cm cocoa shell activated carbon, 30 cm coconut
fiber; Reaktor 2: 5 cm gravel, 30 cm cocoa shell activated carbon, 15 cm coconut fiber;
Reaktor 3: 5 cm gravel, 22.5 cm cocoa shell activated carbon, 22.5 cm coconut fiber)
and detention time (30, 60, and 90 minutes). The results showed that BOD was reduced
to 21.3 mg/L (85% removal), COD to 125.6 mg/L (65% removal), and TSS to 28.5 mg/L
(79.2% removal). The highest effectiveness was achieved in Reaktor 2 with a detention
time of 90 minutes.